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Water-soldier

Water-soldier ©Dr Malcolm Storey

Water-soldier

Water-soldier grows submerged in ponds and open water, and pops up over summer, looking like the top of a pineapple! This rare plant displays white flowers and shelters many aquatic insects.

Scientific name

Stratiotes aloides

When to see

January to December

Species information

Category

Statistics

Height: up to 5cm
Classified as Near Threatened on the Vascular Plant Red Data List for Great Britain.

About

The free-floating water-soldier is a rare aquatic plant that can naturally be found in ponds and still, open water, mostly in central and eastern England. However, it is often grown in ponds outside of its natural range, where it can escape into local water bodies and become highly invasive, swamping out local vegetation.

Water-soldier grows beneath the water, staying submerged for most of the year. From June to August, it surfaces and flowers, displaying white blooms. Like other aquatic plants, it offers resting and sheltering places for aquatic insects like dragonfly and damselfly larvae. Norfolk hawkers favour sites with plenty of water-soldier.

How to identify

The stiff leaves of water-soldier are spear-shaped and saw-edged, and form a rosette, looking a little bit like the top of a pineapple. A solitary, white, three-petalled flower arises from this rosette.

Distribution

Native plants confined to eastern England; garden escapees more widespread, where they can cause problems for local vegetation.

Did you know?

Water-soldier mainly reproduces asexually in the UK, budding to produce three or four new plants each year. It can reproduce sexually, but almost all of our plants are female.